Method for transmitting power and fluid agent therefor



1944'- P. LA FRONE MAGILL I 2,342,414

METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING POWER AND FLUID AGENT-THEREFOR Filed 001:. 4, 1940 IN VEN TOR.

PA UL L MA GILL A TTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 22, 1944 METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING POWER AND FLUID AGENT THEREFOR Paul La Frone Mazlll. Ransomvllle; N. Y.,'.as-

signor to E. I. do Wilmington, DeL,

Pont de Nemours & Company,

a corporation of. Delaware Application October 4, 1940, Serial No. 359,738 6 Claims. (Cl. 252-78) This invention relates to power transmission devices. More particularly, it is concerned with the transmission of power by fluid action and with improved fluid agents therefor.

One of the well-known methods for the transmission of power from one rotating member to another consists of a liquid-containing chamber provided with two rotating sets of vanes. The first set of vanes is driven from the primary source of power and the second set of vanes is driven by the action of the motion generated in the liquid by the first set of vanes. This fluid motion acts on the second set of vanes much in the same manner as a fluid acts on' the wheel of a turbine rotor.

Power transmission systems of this type are well suited for use in the power train between an automobile engine and the driving wheels. Heretofore light mineral oils have been used as the actuating fluids. Such oils are not ideally suited for the punpose due to rapid change in viscosity with temperature and low specific gravity. Since the power is transmitted ,by the kinetic energy of the fluid, it is important that the fluid have as high a specific gravity as possible.

it is an object of this invention to provide a fluid especially suited for the efficient transmission of power. Another object is to provide such a fluid having a small change of viscosity with change in temperature. A further object ,is to provide a fluid of high specific gravity and low freezing point. A still further object is to provide a fluid which is non-flammable, thermally stable and is a good lubricant. Other objects will appear hereinafter. I

These objects are accomplished by the present invention which, in brief, comprises employing as fluid power transmission agents mixtures oi nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons with hydrocarbon-substituted nuclear chlorinated aryl compounds.

In the appended drawing, the single figure is a somewhat schematic representation, in vertical cross-section, of a power transmission device conforming to the invention. Referring to the drawing, I is a housing suitably journaled to receive a driving shaft 2 and a driven shaft 3. On the inner ends of shafts 2 and 3 are keyed or otherwise fixedly mounted impellers 4 and 5 provided with vanes "I and'8. Contained within housing iis a power transmission fluid 8, in which impellers I and 5 areat least partially submerged. The power transmission fluid 6 comprises a mixture of a nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbon and a hydrocarbon-substituted nuclear chlorinated arylhydrocarbon, as, for example, a mixture of ethyl polychlor benzenes and polychlorobenzenes.

Inoperation of the device, rotation of impeller t by means of driving shaft 2 sets in motion power-transmission fluid 6, such motion being in turn imparted to impeller 5 and driven shaft 3. The chlorination of aryl hydrocarbons is accompanied by an increase in specific gravity but not necessarily a lowering of the solidification temperature of the substituted hydrocarbon. The chlorination-of an aryl hydrocarbon on a side chain very often results in undesirable ther mal instability. Liquids comprising only single components of nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons have high specific gravity, good thermal stability but undesirably high solidification temperatures.

I have found that liquids comprising a mixture of nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-substituted nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons have a smaller change in viscosity with change in temperature than liquids comprising only nuclear chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons with hydrocarbon side chains.

Such mixtures also have the properties of high specific gravity, good thermal stability, low solidiilcation temperature, good lubricating qualities and lack of corrosion to metals even at elevated temperatures. A preferred mixture contains the following:

Percent by weight Ethyl tetrachlorobenzene 30 Ethyl pentachlorobenzene 30 Trichlorobenzene .4 40 This mixture has the following properties: Boiling point C 230 (446 F.) Specific gravity 1.490 Fire point None to boiling point solidification temperature C -50 Viscosity in centipoises Viscosity Temp.

-20 0 +20 to so The abovemixture does not decompose or attgcl; metals on long continued heating at 200 C.

The viscosities of a mixture containing 60% ethyl tetrachlorobenzene and 50% ethyl pentachlorobenzene are as follows:

Viscosity in oentlpoisoe Temp.

It will be understood that the invention is not confined to the particular embodiments ther'eoif set forth hereinabove, but includes all such modifications. variations and equivalents as fall within the scope of the appended claims.-

I claim:

1. A power transmission device comprising a driving element, a driven element and, inter= posed therebetween, a fluid power-transmitting agent comprising a mixture of ethyl polychlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene in such propor= tions that said mixture undergoes relatively small change in viscosity with change in temperature.

2. A power transmission device comprising a driving element, a driven element and, interposed therebetween, a fluid power-transmitting agent comprising a mixture of ethyl tetrachloro= benzene, ethyl pentachlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene in such proportions that said mixture undergoes relatively small change in viscosity with change in temperature.

3.). method 0! transmitting power which comprises inter-posing between a driving memher and a driven member a fluid power transmitting agent comprising a mixture of ethyl polychlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene in such proportions that said mixture undergoes relatively small change in viscosity with change in temperature.

' 4. A method of transmitting power which comprises interposing between a driving member and a driven member a fluid power transmitting agent comprising a mixture of ethyl tetrachlorobenzene, ethyl pentachlorobenzene and trichlorobenzene in such proportions that said mixture undergoes relatively small change in viscosity with change in temperature.

5. A power transmission device comprising a driving element, a driven element and, interposed therebetween,'a fluid power transmitting agent comprising a mixture of about by weight of ethyl tetrachlorobenzene, about 30% by weight of ethyl pentachlorobenzene, and about by weight oi trichlorobenzene.

6. A method of transmitting power which comprises interposing between a driving member and a driven member a fluid power transmitting agent comprising about 30% by weight of ethyl tetrachlorobenzene, about 30% by weight of ethyl pentachlorobenzene and about t0;% by weight or trichlorobenzene.

PAUL-LA ERONE MAGIEL. 

